Temporal behaviour of open-circuit photovoltaic solitons

• 来源期刊: 中国物理B（英文版）
• 关键词: temporal behaviour photovoltaic solitons photorefractive effect
• 年，卷（期）: 2009,（7）
• 页码范围: 2839-2845
• 页数: 7页
• 语种: 英文

摘要

Based on the time-dependent band-transport model in a photorefractive medium, dark open-circuit photovoltaic (PV) solitons are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Compared with those of the time-independent models, our theoretical results revealed that quasi-steady-state and steady-state PV solitons can both be obtained.Our results also revealed that when r < 1 (r is the normalized intensity at infinity), the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of solitons decreases monotonically to a constant value; when r > 1, however, the FWHM of solitons first decreases to a minimum before it increases to a constant value. Moreover, the FWHM of steady solitons decreases with increasing intensity ratio for r < 1, and increases with increasing intensity ratio for r > 1. We further observed dark PV solitons in experiments, and recorded their evolution. These results indicated that steady solitons can be observed at low optical power, while quasi-steady-state solitons can only be generated at higher optical power. Good agreement is found between theory and experiment.