<正>ON a world map we can see the outline of China like a rooster crowing at dawn; and Northeast China refers to the rooster’s head. Covering an area of about 810,000 square kilometers, it is slightly larger than Chile and twice size of Paraguay. The region’s population exceeds 100 million, almost equal to that of Mexico, a country that ranks 11th in the world by population.Traveling about 300 kilometers towards northeast from Beijing we arrive at the Shanhaiguan Pass, which is commonly recognized as the eastern end of the Great Wall, as well as the strategic passage between North China and Northeast China.