A Geometrical Characterization of Spatially Curved Roberstion-Walker Space and Its Retractions

• 作者: Abd El-Aziz El-Ahmady El-Bagoury Asma Salem Al-Luhaybi
• 来源期刊: 应用数学(英文)
• 学科: 数学
• 关键词: RETRACTION DEFORMATION Retracts Foldings FLAT Robertson-Walker Model
• 年，卷（期）: 2012,（10）
• 页码范围: 1153-1160
• 页数: 8页
• 分类号: O1

摘要

Our aim in the present article is to introduce and study new types of retractions of closed flat Robertson-Walker W4 model. Types of the deformation retract of closed flat Robertson-Walker W4 model are obtained. The relations between the retraction and the deformation retract of curves in W4 model are deduced. Types of minimal retractions of curves in W4 model are also presented. Also, the isometric and topological folding in each case and the relation between the deformation retracts after and before folding have been obtained. New types of homotopy maps are deduced. New types of conditional folding are presented. Some commutative diagrams are obtained.