[Objective] The study aimed to assess the pollution of water and sediment in Wuliangsuhai Lake based on multilevel fuzzy theory. [Method]On the basis of measured and survey data,the quality of water and sediment in six representative sites of Wuliangsuhai Lake was evaluated by using multilevel fuzzy theory. [Result]Water quality of Wuliangsuhai Lake was different in space,that is,the water quality closer to outfalls was poor,but the water quality became better from north to south with the direction of water flow. Sediment near the water exit was at Grade Ⅳ, while it was at GradeⅤ in other sites. From the evaluation results of water and sediment,we could see that Wuliangsuhai Lake was suffering serious pollution,and eutrophication process was aggravating,so it is extremely urgent to control and restore Wuliangsuhai Lake. [Conclusion] The research could provide scientific references for controlling the pollution of Wuliangsuhai Lake.