目的:观察温阳补肾汤中西医结合治疗老年单纯收缩期高血压的临床疗效.方法:100例老年单纯收缩期高血压患者随机分为两组,治疗组50例,予温阳补肾汤+氨氯地平(施慧达);对照组50例予氨氯地平(施慧达).两组均治疗观察8周.结果:治疗组总有效率为86.0% (95% CI =76.4%~95.6%),对照组为74.0% (95% CI=61.8%~86.2%),两组综合疗效比较(u=1.6073,P=0.1081),差异未达到显著性意义.结论:温阳补肾汤中西医结合治疗老年单纯收缩期高血压的疗效优于单纯西医疗法的证据尚不确定,其收益为OR=0.46(95%CI =0.17~1.28),NNT=8(95% CI =3.61~35.51).