Triphase Catalysis Based on Gemini Surfactant-Clay Intercalates

• 作者: Alex F. Austiff Danielle N. Reed Derek T. Rensing Mark D. Cox Nahid Shabestary
• 来源期刊: 催化剂现代研究(英文)
• 学科: 化学
• 关键词: Triphase CATALYSIS GEMINI SURFACTANT INTERCALATION Reaction NUCLEOPHILIC Displacement MONTMORILLONITE Phase Transfer CATALYSIS
• 年，卷（期）: 2014,（2）
• 页码范围: 26-34
• 页数: 9页
• 分类号: O6

摘要

A series of novel catalysts was developed using cationic Gemini surfactants intercalated in natural montmorillonite (MMT) clay. These Gemini surfactant-MMT intercalates were used to study the kinetics of a nucleophilic displacement reactions converting n-butyl bromide to n-butyl chloride in a triphase catalytic (TC) system. Most reaction rates compared favorably to those of biphase catalytic reactions where Gemini surfactants were used in the absence of MMT. Catalytic activity varied with Gemini surfactant structure, specifically with carbon spacer group and side chain length. In addition to the ease of catalyst separation that a triphase system affords, Gemini-MMT catalysts are stable and can be recycled and re-used several times.