大脑干细胞作为在 glioma 的起源的房间

• 作者: Aram S Modrek N Sumru Bayin Dimitris G Placantonakis
• 来源期刊: 世界干细胞杂志：英文版（电子版）
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: GLIOMA Cell of ORIGIN Cancer STEM cells GENETIC MODELS Gliomagenesis NEUROGENESIS
• 年，卷（期）: 2014,（1）
• 页码范围: 43-52
• 页数: 10页
• 分类号: R739.41

摘要

Glioma incidence rates in the United States are near 20000 new cases per year, with a median survival time of 14.6 mo for high-grade gliomas due to limited therapeutic options. The origins of these tumors and their many subtypes remain a matter of investigation. Evidence from mouse models of glioma and human clinical data have provided clues about the cell types and initiating oncogenic mutations that drive gliomagenesis, a topic we review here. There has been mixed evidence as to whether or not the cells of origin are neural stem cells, progenitor cells or differentiated progeny. Many of the existing murine models target cell populations defined by lineage-specific promoters or employ lineagetracing methods to track the potential cells of origin. Our ability to target specific cell populations will likely increase concurrently with the knowledge gleaned from an understanding of neurogenesis in the adult brain. The cell of origin is one variable in tumorigenesis, as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes may differentially transform the neuroglial cell types. Knowledge of key driver mutations and susceptible cell types will allow us to understand cancer biology from a developmental standpoint and enable early interventional strategies and biomarker discovery.