为 colorectal 癌症的早诊断和监视的基于血的 biomarkers 的使用

• 作者: Ganepola AP Ganepola Joel Nizin John R Rutledge David H Chang
• 来源期刊: 世界胃肠肿瘤学杂志：英文版（电子版）
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: COLORECTAL neoplasms Early detection of cancer COLONOSCOPY Biological markers Blood Messenger RNA MicroRNA Long NON-CODING RNA DNA methylation MICROSATELLITE instability Loss of HETEROZYGOSITY High-throughput nucleotide sequencing Mass spectrometry Real-time polymerase chain reaction Microarray analysis
• 年，卷（期）: 2014,（4）
• 页码范围: 83-97
• 页数: 15页
• 分类号: R735.34

摘要

Early screening for colorectal cancer(CRC) holds the key to combat and control the increasing global burden of CRC morbidity and mortality. However, the current available screening modalities are severely inadequate because of their high cost and cumbersome preparatory procedures that ultimately lead to a low participation rate. People simply do not like to have colonoscopies. It would be ideal, therefore, to develop an alternative modality based on blood biomarkers as the first line screening test. This will allow for the differentiation of the general population from high risk individuals. Colonoscopy would then become the secondary test, to further screen the high risk segment of the population. This will encourage participation and therefore help to reach the goal of early detection and thereby reduce the anticipated increasing global CRC incidence rate. A blood-based screening test is anappealing alternative as it is non-invasive and poses minimal risk to patients. It is easy to perform, can be repeated at shorter intervals, and therefore would likely lead to a much higher participation rate. This review surveys various blood-based test strategies currently under investigation, discusses the potency of what is available, and assesses how new technology may contribute to future test design.