Electron Spin and Proton Spin in the Hydrogen and Hydrogen-Like Atomic Systems

• 作者: Stanis?aw Olszewski
• 来源期刊: 现代物理(英文)
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: Spin Effect and Its SEMICLASSICAL QUANTIZATION ELECTRON and Proton ELEMENTARY Particles ELECTRON Drift in the HYDROGEN Atom Separation of the DOUBLET Spectral Lines
• 年，卷（期）: 2014,（18）
• 页码范围: 2030-2040
• 页数: 11页
• 分类号: R73

摘要

The mechanical angular momentum and magnetic moment of the electron and proton spin have been calculated semiclassically with the aid of the uncertainty principle for energy and time. The spin effects of both kinds of the elementary particles can be expressed in terms of similar formulae. The quantization of the spin motion has been done on the basis of the old quantum theory. It gives a quantum number n = 1/2 as the index of the spin state acceptable for both the electron and proton particle. In effect of the spin existence the electron motion in the hydrogen atom can be represented as a drift motion accomplished in a combined electric and magnetic field. More than 18,000 spin oscillations accompany one drift circulation performed along the lowest orbit of the Bohr atom. The semiclassical theory developed in the paper has been applied to calculate the doublet separation of the experimentally well-examined D line entering the spectrum of the sodium atom. This separation is found to be much similar to that obtained according to the relativistic old quantum theory.