The sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2), along with insulin, plays an important role in the regulation of nutrient metabolism in the liver.Following a meal, conjugated bile acids (CBAs) returning to the liver bind to S1PR2 activating both the ERK1/2 and AKT (insulin signaling pathway).Activation of the insulin signaling pathway byCBAs and insulin activates phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase1 (PDK1), which activates protein kinase C ζ(PKCζ).