We should like to communicate,as a result of our combined efforts for the past five years,this preliminary report on the total synthesis of crystalline bovine insulin,the structure of which was first elucidated by Sanger and coworkers[1] ten years ago.
A number of papers on the synthetic work concerning insulin has been published during the past two years.Katsoyannis and coworkers[2,3] synthesized both the A and B chains of sheep insulin and,by combining them together according to the procedure of Dixon and Wardlow[4],observed only traces of insulin activity.Zahn,Meienhofer and coworkers[5,6] observed a response of 0.5-1% insulin activity in the air oxidation product from their synthetic A and B chains.They showed later,however,that a response of 0.4% insulin activity could also be noticed in the A chain alone[7].