<正>Herein,we report some facile and general methods to directly grow metal oxide(TiO_2,SnO_2,NiO,Co_3O_4 and MCo_2O_4)nanosheets on0-dimensional sulfonated polystyrene spheres,one-dimensional CNTs,polymeric nanotubes or mesoporous carbon fibers and two-dimensional graphene oxide.After calcinations in air or inert atmosphere,these materials were converted into metal oxides hollow spheres assembled from