Technology evolution has been a driving factor in the oil tanker industry. The technology breakthroughs and historical data served as the main factor of evo-lution in the industry. Nowadays the oil tankers have been modified and opti-mized according to the requirements of the cargo and the area in which they are supposed to operate. This paper reviews some technological developments in the tanker industry and driving factors behind them. The issues of environmental pollution, failure prediction, and efficient operations are also discussed in mathematical terms.