Neurotrophin-3(NT-3)attracted increasing attention about NTFs researches in recent years.But the mechanism of promoting the development of neurons and neurite extension is not clear.Recombinant human NT-3 or NT-3 gene is commonly used in the treatment of peripheral and central neurons system damage.When rats are born,the cochlear is not mature yet.It is a suitable experimental animal for studying the morphological and functional development of the peripheral auditory pathway.It was found that NT-3 could promote the survival,growth,division and extension of the cochlear neurons in rats.To make clear the role of NT-3 in the development of spiral ganglion in the rat cochlear will be of significance for the treatment of nervous hearing loss by NT-3 in the future.