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Homocysteine is an intermediate substance formed during the breakdown of the amino acid methionine and may undergo remethylation to methionine or trans-sulfuration to cystathionine or cysteine. The metabolism occurs via two pathways: remethylation to methionine, which requires folate and vitamin B12;and transsulfuration to cystathionine, which requires pyridoxal-5’-phosphate. The disturbances in the metabolic pathways lead to the accumulation of Hcy, either by insufficient transsulfuration (through CBS mutations or vitamin B6 deficiency) or by a blockage of remethylation. In the latter case, folate or vitamin B12 deficiency may be involved, as well as MTHFR. High levels of Hcy induce sustained injury of arterial endothelial cells, proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells and enhance activity of key participants in vascular inflammation, atherogenesis, and vulnerability of the established atherosclerotic plaque. Hyperhomocysteinemia has become the topic of interest in recent years. It has been highly associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disorders, such as, atherosclerosis, thromboembolism and dyslipidemia. Women with PCOS show constellation of metabolic syndromes. Obesity, hyperandrogenemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus is the hallmark of PCOS which later becomes the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Various studies had revealed the presence of increased Hcy level in PCOS women which may or may not be associated with other biochemical parameters. Intense treatment for PCOS can influence homocysteine levels.
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篇名 The Effects of Plasma Homocysteine in PCOS Women: A Review
来源期刊 妇产科期刊(英文) 学科 医学
关键词 POLYCYSTIC OVARY Syndrome HOMOCYSTEINE INSULIN Resistance
年,卷(期) 2018,(1) 所属期刊栏目
研究方向 页码范围 39-50
页数 12页 分类号 R5
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POLYCYSTIC
OVARY
Syndrome
HOMOCYSTEINE
INSULIN
Resistance
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妇产科期刊(英文)
月刊
2160-8792
武汉市江夏区汤逊湖北路38号光谷总部空间
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