1 Introduction
Over one million cardiac pacemakers are implantedevery year worldwide,[1] of which approximately 200,000are implanted in the United States alone.[2] Combined withan aging population and increasing pacing indications,thesenumbers are expected to grow.Since the first pacemakerimplantation in 1950s,cardiac pacemaker technology hasrapidly advanced.Reduction in generator size,increasedbattery longevity,quality of pacemaker leads,algorithmicand rate responsive programming—all have revolutionizedand transformed the implantation and management oftransvenous cardiac pacemaker (TV-PPM).