Single-atom catalyst: a rising star for green synthesis of fine chemicals

• 来源期刊: 国家科学评论（英文版）
• 关键词: single-atom catalysts fine chemicals green synthesis structure-reactivity relationship heterogeneous catalysis
• 年，卷（期）: 2018,（5）
• 页码范围: 653-672
• 页数: 20页
• 语种: 英文
• DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwy077

摘要

The green synthesis of fine chemicals calls for a new generation of efficient and robust catalysts.Single-atom catalysts (SACs),in which all metal species are atomicaly dispersed on a solid support,and which often consist of well-defined mononuclear active sites,are expected to bridge homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for liquid-phase organic transformations.This review summarizes major advances in the SAC-catalysed green synthesis offine chemicals in the past several years,with a focus on the catalytic activity,selectivity and reusability of SACs in various organic reactions.The relationship between catalytic performance and the active site structure is discussed in terms of the valence state,coordination environment and anchoring chemistry of single atoms to the support,in an effort to guide the rational design of SACs in this special area,which has traditionally been dominated by homogeneous catalysis.Finally,the challenges remaining in this research area are discussed and possible future research directions are proposed.