Lead becomes a noncentrosymmetric superconductor in 2D limit

• 来源期刊: 科学通报（英文版）
• 年，卷（期）: 2018,（10）
• 页码范围: 595-596
• 页数: 2页
• 语种: 英文

摘要

Properties of ultrathin materials always stimulate physicists' imaginations because the reduced dimensions often alter the properties of materials dramatically. In the last century, the semiconductor technologies enabled formation of two-dimensional (2D) electron systems at the channel of metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (FET) devices and at the heterogeneous interfaces. In the present century, the development of materials fabrication techniques has realized ultrathin films in the order of atomic layer thickness. The most significant impact came out from the discovery of monolayer carbon, graphene, which was fabricated by mechanical exfoliation of graphite using Scotch Tape [1]. The formation of monolayer graphene causes a dramatic change of electronic structure, Dirac cone, where electrons with zero effective mass are realized at the edges of Brillouin zone, and produced a variety of novel phenomena, including ultrahigh mobility, room temperature quantum Hall effect, and so on. The findings of graphene and associated physical phenomena have caused a movement of 2D materials, which are being expanded to semiconductors, superconductors, ferromagnets, and their van der Waals heterostructures [2].