Arch structures have been widely used in engineering construction due to their structural advantages,and continue to find new applications in various fields.Except for arch bridges that transform significant weight to extrusion force along the arch axis,elastic arches are another important construct.For example,leaf springs act as a kind of arch-shaped spring-type suspension system in vehicles (Fig.1a).A bow transforms the elastic potential energy of the flexed rod into the velocity of an arrow when the string is released.