Sin1-mediated mTOR signaling in cell growth, metabolism and immune response

• 来源期刊: 国家科学评论（英文版）
• 关键词: Sin1 AGC kinases mTOR complex Akt metabolism and immune response
• 年，卷（期）: 2019,（6）
• 页码范围: 1149-1162
• 页数: 14页
• 语种: 英文
• DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz171

摘要

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved Ser/Thr protein kinase with essential cellular function via processing various extracellular and intracellular inputs.Two distinct multi-protein mTOR complexes (mTORC),mTORC 1 and mTORC2,have been identified and well characterized in eukaryotic cells from yeast to human.Sin1,which stands for (S)tyl/Spcl-(i)nteracting proteinl,also known as mitogen-activated protein kinase ((M)(A)(P)(K)) (a)ssociated (p)rotein (MAPKAP)1,is an evolutionarily conserved adaptor protein.Mammalian Sin1 interacts with many cellular proteins,but it has been widely studied as an essential component of mTORC2,and it is crucial not only for the assembly of mTORC2 but also for the regulation of its substrate specificity.In this review,we summarize our current knowledge of the structure and functions of Sinl,focusing specifically on its protein interaction network and its roles in the mTOR pathway that could account for various cellular functions ofmTOR in growth,metabolism,immunity and cancer.