Traditional and Non-Traditional Risk Factors Involved with Endothelial Dysfunction and Arterial Stiffness in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases

• 作者: Isabela Bruna Pires Borges Rafael Giovani Misse Samuel Katsuyuki Shinjo
• 来源期刊: 风湿病与自身免疫疾病期刊(英文)
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: ARTERIAL Stiffness ATHEROSCLEROSIS AUTOIMMUNE Endothelial DYSFUNCTION RHEUMATIC Diseases
• 年，卷（期）: 2019,（3）
• 页码范围: 85-100
• 页数: 16页
• 分类号: R5

摘要

Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) have been closely associated with accelerated plaque progression and the development of atherosclerosis, which lead to high morbidity and mortality rates for cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness are greatly evidenced in several studies in the early phase of atherosclerosis. In ARDs, endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness are related to traditional and non-traditional risk factors. To date, no studies have clearly analyzed the main parameter involved in endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. In this context, the present narrative review’s purpose was to describe the main factor in endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in different ARDs. Endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness are related to traditional risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, sedentary behavior) and non-traditional risk factors (linked to the immune mechanisms involved in these diseases). Moreover, in the present study, these associations were systemically analyzed in ankylosing spondylitis, antiphospholipid syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic autoimmune myopathies, systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. The present review shows that the relationship of traditional risk factors and non-traditional risk factors related to ARDs works in the worsening of function and structural properties of arterial vessels, leading to high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.