The cognition of the image of China in the West during the Middle Ages is a historical base map for the formation of China’s image in the eyes of Western travelers in China since the 19th century.During the Middle Ages,with the Crusades and the Eastward March of the Mongol Empire,the exchanges between China and Europe were frequent.For political and religious purposes,Western missionaries gradually increased in China.From the expansion of the concept of time and space,Western travelers came to China to explore the world outside the Mediterranean.For the needs of literary creation,Western writers began to write Chinese travels while traveling to China.The texts about China’s images created by missionaries,travelers and writers are intertwined,depicting a vivid China’s national image.