On the Galvanic Modification of Seawater

• 作者: Alexander Shimkevich
• 来源期刊: 凝固态物理国际期刊(英文)
• 学科: 地球科学
• 关键词: Non-Stoichiometric Seawater BAND Gap FERMI Level Galvanic Cell Electron DONOR Sodium HYPOCHLORITE
• 年，卷（期）: 2019,（4）
• 页码范围: 112-121
• 页数: 10页
• 分类号: P73

摘要

Chemical properties of seawater are studied at forced shifting of Fermi level εF? in the band gap of liquid water due to deviation of its composition H2O1−z ( |?z|−13 ) from the stoichiometric one ( z = 0 ). It is shown that the hypo-stoichiometric state ( z > 0 ) of seawater emerges when Fermi level is shifted to the local electron level ?εH3O of hydroxonium H3O+ in galvanic cell with the strongly polarized anode and the quasi-equilibrium cathode. Then, each εH3O is occupied by electron and hydroxonium radicals [H3O]? together with hydroxide anions [OH−]?form in seawater hydrated electrons [(H2O)2−] . The opposite hyper-stoichiometric state ( z εOH for removing electron from each hydroxide ion OH−and forming hydroxyl radicals [OH] as strong oxidizers. It turned out that the ions of sodium and chlorine are connected into hydrates of sodium hypochlorite NaClO in this case.