Venenum Bufonis is one of the traditional medical herbs,containing a variety of active ingredients such as peptides,alkaloids,lactones and sterols.In recent years,the significant anti-tumor effect of Venenum Bufonis and its active components,which are mainly composed of lipid scorpion venom,scorpion venom and scorpion venom,has become a research hotspot.Venenum Bufonis can inhibit the occurrence and development of tumor cells by inducing apoptosis of tumor cells,promoting tumor cell differentiation,inhibiting tumor microangiogenesis and reversing tumor cell resistance.Based on the chemical composition of Venenum Bufonis,this paper summarizes the mechanism of inhibiting tumors of the active ingredients in Venenum Bufonis.