Good natural ventilation is the basic function of residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas. The intensive use of urban land makes high-rise residential units adopt a large number of multi-household layouts, and the middle households are often difficult to penetrate from north and south, and the natural ventilation effect is not good. The application of a utility model patent "building interlayer ventilation channel" can improve this situation. This paper mainly introduced the basic form and functional characteristics of the patent, and discussed its advantages in detail.