Tumor immunotherapy has been a research hotspot in the field of tumor therapy in recent years,especially the successful development and application of immune checkpoint inhibitors,which has brought tumor immunotherapy into a new era.Unlike conventional treatment methods,such as chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and targeted therapy which directly affect tumor cells,immune checkpoint inhibitors block tumor immune environment checkpoint pathways and stimulate tumor-specific T cell functions to achieve anti-tumor effects.However,the clinical efficacy evaluation of immune checkpoint blockers still faces many challenges,and the solid tumor evaluation criteria(response evaluation criteria in solid tumors,RECIST)applicable to traditional chemotherapy drugs cannot accurately assess the efficacy of immunotherapy.Immune-related response criteria need further research.