The tumor microenvironment(TME)is widely related to the occurrence of tumors,because tumor cells interact with surrounding cells and tissues through the lymphatic system and blood channel metastasis,thus affecting the occurrence and development of cancer.Non-malignant cells in the TME play a vital role in the development of cancer by stimulating and promoting uncontrolled cell proliferation.Previous studies have identified various components of the TME that influence malignant behavior and progression.Non-tumor cells such as adipocytes,tumor vasculature,lymphocytes,dendritic cells,and cancer-related fibroblasts exist in the TME.Each type of cell or acellular component has a unique immune capacity or function that is critical to the survival of the tumor and its effect on neighboring cells.Therefore,targeting and manipulating the cells and matrix in the TME during cancer treatment can help to treat malignancies and provide patient survival.