Disaster Risk Science:A Geographical Perspective and a Research Framework

• 作者: Peijun Shi Tao Ye Ying Wang Tao Zhou Wei Xu Juan Du Jing'ai Wang Ning Li Chongfu Huang Lianyou Liu Bo Chen Yun Su Weihua Fang Ming Wang Xiaobin Hu Jidong Wu Chunyang He Qiang Zhang Qian Ye Carlo Jaeger Norio Okada
• 来源期刊: 国际灾害风险科学学报（英文版）
• 年，卷（期）: 2020,（4）
• 所属期刊栏目: ARTICLES
• 页码范围: 426-440
• 页数: 15页
• 语种: 英文

摘要

In this article,we recall the United Nations' 30-year journey in disaster risk reduction strategy and framework,review the latest progress and key scientific and technological questions related to the United Nations disaster risk reduction initiatives,and summarize the framework and contents of disaster risk science research.The object of disaster risk science research is the "disaster system" consisting of hazard,the geographical environ-ment,and exposed units,with features of regionality,interconnectedness,coupling,and complexity.Environ-mental stability,hazard threat,and socioeconomic vulner-ability together determine the way that disasters are formed,establish the spatial extent of disaster impact,and generate the scale of losses.In the formation of a disaster,a conducive environment is the prerequisite,a hazard is the necessary condition,and socioeconomic exposure is the sufficient condition.The geographical environment affects local hazard intensity and therefore can change the pattern of loss distribution.Regional multi-hazard,disaster chain,and disaster compound could induce complex impacts,amplifying or attenuating hazard intensity and changing the scope of affected areas.In the light of research progress,particularly in the context of China,we propose a three-layer disaster risk science disciplinary structure,which contains three pillars (disaster science,disaster technology,and disaster governance),nine core areas,and 27 research fields.Based on these elements,we discuss the frontiers in disaster risk science research.