Surgically-induced brain injury: where are we now?

• 作者: Hayes William K. Sherchan Prativa Travis Zachary D. Zhang John H.
• 来源期刊: 中华神经外科杂志（英文）
• 关键词: Brain injury Cerebral edema Preconditioning Neurotherapeutics Venom therapies
• 年，卷（期）: 2020,（1）
• 所属期刊栏目: Review
• 页码范围: 45-55
• 页数: 11页
• 语种: 中文
• DOI: 10.1186/s41016-019-0181-8

摘要

Neurosurgical procedures cause inevitable brain damage from the multitude of surgical manipulations utilized. Incisions, retraction, thermal damage from electrocautery, and intraoperative hemorrhage cause immediate and long-term brain injuries that are directly linked to neurosurgical operations, and these types of injuries, collectively, have been termed surgical brain injury (SBI). For the past decade, a model developed to study the underlying brain pathologies resulting from SBI has provided insight on cellular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. This model, as seen in a rat, mouse, and rabbit, mimics a neurosurgical operation and causes commonly encountered post-operative complications such as brain edema, neuroinflammation, and hemorrhage. In this review, we elaborate on SBI and its clinical impact, the SBI animal models and their clinical relevance, the importance of applying therapeutics before neurosurgical procedures (i.e., preconditioning), and the new direction of applying venom-derived proteins to attenuate SBI.