Multiparty semiquantum key agreement without entanglement

• 来源期刊: 理论物理通讯（英文版）
• 年，卷（期）: 2020,（6）
• 页码范围: 70-75
• 页数: 6页
• 语种: 英文

摘要

The key agreement protocols allow two or more users to negotiate a shared key for establishing a secure communication channel without a third trusted party in such a way that the shared key is determined by all authorized players rather than any subset of them.We propose the first real multiparty semiquantum key agreement (SQKA) protocols based on single-photons.Our protocols include only one quantum player,while the others are classical players who only need to measure and prepare states in the classical basis.We first present a symmetric three-party SQKA protocol,where two classical players can fairly negotiate a key with a quantum player by using single-photons as message carriers.Then we present an asymmetric SQKA protocol where a relatively low percentage of quantum states are used for eavesdropping detection.And we further extend them to an asymmetric multiparty SQKA protocol.Our SQKA protocols require fewer quantum resources than the previous SQKA protocols for classical players,especially without requirement of entanglement,which makes them easier to implement using current technologies.Our protocols are secure against extemal eavesdroppers and are fair against a minority of internal dishonest players.