Genes and speciation: is it time to abandon the biological species concept?

• 作者: Chung-I Wu Suhua Shi Xinfeng Wang Ziwen He
• 来源期刊: 国家科学评论（英文版）
• 关键词: speciation species concept gene flow geographical isolation allopatry
• 年，卷（期）: 2020,（8）
• 页码范围: 1387-1397
• 页数: 11页
• 语种: 英文
• DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz220

摘要

The biological species concept (BSC) is the cornerstone ofneo-Darwinian thinking.In BSC,species do not exchange genes either during or after speciation.However,as gene flow during speciation is increasingly being reported in a substantial literature,it seems time to reassess the revered,but often doubted,BSC.Contrary to the common perception,BSC should expect substantial gene flow at the onset ofspeciation,not least because geographical isolation develops gradually.Although BSC does not stipulate how speciation begins,it does require a sustained period of isolation for speciation to complete its course.Evidence against BSC must demonstrate that the observed gene flow does not merely occur at the onset of speciation but continues until its completion.Importantly,recent genomic analyses cannot reject this more realistic version of BSC,although future analyses may still prove it wrong.The ultimate acceptance or rejection of BSC is not merely about a historical debate;rather,it is about the fundamental nature of species-are species (and,hence,divergent adaptations) driven by a relatively small number of genes,or by thousands of them? Many levels of biology,ranging from taxonomy to biodiversity,depend on this resolution.