Objective
The Carboniferous is a key period of Earth History.The average global temperatures were high in the early Carboniferous Period.Numerous new plants evolved in the warm, humid climate conditions of this period.When it cooled during the middle Carboniferous, the temperatures and CO2 concentrations were as low as they are today.The Karamaili area in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest China preserved a continuous Carboniferous terrestrial sequence.Sixteen permineralized woods were discovered in the earlyPennsylvanian (Bashkirian-Moscovian) Huxingliang Formation in the Karamaili area.Plants are good indicators of climate change.Therefore, it is significant to study the anatomy of these fossil woods to understand the paleoclimate of the early Pennsylvanian in the Karamaili area.