Comparative Analysis of Kidney Stone Composition in Patients from Ghana and South Africa: Case Study of Kidney Stones from Accra and Cape Town

• 作者: Evans A. Akpakli Lisa Kaestner John Lazarus Kwame S. Norvixoxo
• 来源期刊: 泌尿学期刊(英文)
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: Kidney Stones Comparative Analysis Korle-Bu Groote Schuur
• 年，卷（期）: mnxqkyw_2021,（3）
• 页码范围: 53-72
• 页数: 20页
• 分类号: R69

摘要

<strong>Background:</strong> Kidney stone disease, also termed nephrolithiasis is associated with significant morbidities such as severe colicky flank pain, haematuria, urinary tract infection and kidney failure. Kidney stone disease was perceived as uncommon in developing countries;however, the global prevalence has been rising over the past two decades due to lifestyle changes. There is very limited literature on kidney stone composition in Africa, including Ghana and South Africa. It was based on this evidence that this study was undertaken. <strong>Aim:</strong> The primary aim of this study was to describe and compare the composition of kidney stone in patients receiving treatment at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Accra (Ghana) and Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH), Cape Town (South Africa). <strong>Methods:</strong> The study was a retrospective folder review of patients treated for nephrolithiasis at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra (Ghana) and Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town (South Africa). Patients who were treated for kidney stone disease between 1^st June 2016 and 31^st May 2018 were recruited, and their folder numbers were retrieved from theatre logbooks. A total of hundred and sixty-three (n = 163) folders (n = 30 KBTH;n = 133 GSH) were subsequently retrieved from the two facilities’ records department. Demographic data and kidney stone analysis results were analyzed using the <em>R</em> statistical software. <strong>Results:</strong> The age of KBTH patients ranged from 24 to 75 years and age of 45 years, while that of GSH ranged 19 to 77 years and median age 48 years respectively. Males were the majority stone formers for both hospitals [56.7% KBTH;59.4% GSH]. There was no statistical difference in gender (<em>p</em> = 0.9447) and age (<em>p</em> = 0.2612) between the two groups. Calcium oxalate (86.7%) and uric acid (90.0%) were the commonest components of the kidney stones analyzed from the KBTH. Calcium oxalate (66.2%) and carbonate apatite (40.6%) were the mo