INTRODUCTION
Silk fibroin (SF), a natural protein derived from Bombyx mori silk cocoons, is a millennium-old material that has been recently widely adopted in biomedical engineering.1 SF exhibits attractive features for the production of bone-related biomaterials, such as robust mechanical properties,2 hypoallergenic features,3 vascular-ization,4 tunable biodegradation,5 the ability to accelerate biomineralization of collagen,6 and the ability to act as template for the growth of hydroxyapatite.7 Over the past decades, SF has been shown to be a promising polymer to construct various stiff materials to support bone formation. The application of stiff SF materials ranges from scaffolds1 to implants,2 membranes,7–8 and coatings.