The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), established in June 2001, is a compelling example for the significance of shaping major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and the practice of multilateral diplomacy. As a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and the world's second largest economy, China has been enriching the theory and practice of multilateral diplomacy and has taken an active role in safeguarding multilateralism while also engaging in the promotion of cooperation in various fields within the SCO framework.