MicroRNAs(miRNAs)have been well appreciated for their critical roles in regulating various biological processes in eukaryotes since the initial discovery of these tiny molecules in 1990s.The factory for miRNAs is located inside the nucleus,whereas their workplace is the cytoplasm.Thus,the prompt transport of miR-NAs from nucleus to cytoplasm is essential for their proper func-tionality.In metazoans,the commitment is carried out by Exportin 5(EXP5/XPO5),the nuclear exporter of miRNA precursors(pre-miRNAs)(Yi et al.,2003).