Direct manipulation of gene expression in vivo is a powerful approach for investigating biological systems and bioengineering in plants(Zhang et al.,2015;Zhao et al.,2015;Lowder et al.,2018).In the past decade,considerable progress has been made in devel-oping techniques for gene targeting.One such technique uses syn-thetic transcriptional activators generated by fusing programmable DNA-binding modules such as zinc-finger domains,transcriptional activator-like(TAL)effectors,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPRs),and CRISPR-associated regulatory systems to a variety of activation domains.These synthetic transcrip-tional activators are used to selectively activate target genes to enhance multiple traits in plants(Liu et al.,2013;Lowder et al.,2018).