Yb3+and Er3+were doped into Y2O3 to form Y2O3∶Yb3+,Er3+microcrystals.The effect of doping concentration of Yb3+was studied.The near-ultraviolet(UV)upconversion(UC)emission spectra of Y2O3∶Yb3+,Er3+were studied under 1.55-μm excitation.The near-UV UC emissions centered at 391 and 418 nm were enhanced by Yb3+under 1.55-μm laser excitation.Er3+generally acts as activator and is not used as sensitizer in the refer-ence Er3+-doped oxides.In the present upconversion pro-cess under the 1.55-μm laser excitation,the energy transfer from Er3+to Yb3+and then Yb3+to Er3+was observed.Dopant Er3+acted as not only activator but also sensitizer.The energy transfer between Er3+and Yb3+enhanced the near-UV UC emission of our materials.