Objective
The Songliao Basin is located in northeastern China.The Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation(Fm.)(K2qn),Yaojia Fm.(K2y),and Nenjiang Fm.(K2n)were deposited in its depression.The sediments are mainly continental clastic rocks.The first member of the Qingshankou Fm.(K2qn1)in the southern Songliao Basin mainly comprises semi-deep to deep lacustrine shale of large thickness,generally 30,100 m,with wide distribution;the thickness of the shale has an average thickness of 70 m.Moreover,organic matter abundance is high and the maturity moderate.This shale is the main oil-bearing layer and caprock in the Songliao Basin,which,at the same time,forms a realistic oil and gas replacement area with a high content of retained hydrocarbons and abundant pure shale oil resources.The semi-deep-deep lacustrine shale oil is the most difficult type to explore and develop in China because of its high clay mineral content and extremely low permeability and so is the object of our study.