To tackle the aggravating electromag-netic wave (EMW) pollution issues,high-efficiency EMW absorption materials are urgently explored.Metal-organic framework (MOF) derivatives have been intensively investigated for EMW absorption due to the distinctive components and structures,which is expected to satisfy diverse application requirements.The extensive developments on MOF derivatives demonstrate its significantly important role in this research area.Particularly,MOF deriva-tives deliver huge performance superiorities in light weight,broad bandwidth,and robust loss capacity,which are attributed to the outstanding impedance matching,multiple attenuation mechanisms,and destructive interference effect.Herein,we summa-rized the relevant theories and evaluation methods,and categorized the state-of-the-art research pro-gresses on MOF derivatives in EMW absorption field.In spite of lots of challenges to face,MOF derivatives have illuminated infinite potentials for further development as EMW absorption materials.