Cancer is a global public health threat and a leading cause of death in China.In 2020,the number of new cancer cases around the world reached approximately 19.3 million,and about 10.0 million cancer-related deaths occurred.Tumor diagnosis and treatment remain a huge challenge due to the diversity of cancer etiology,the complicated mechanism and long process of tumori-genesis,and the significant heterogeneity between individuals.
As cancer is a systemic disease,tumor diagnosis is multidisci-plinary.Tumor treatment has evolved from the initial conventional surgery,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy to the current multi-method and multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment.With the continuous deepening and advancement of research in disease biology,we have gained a better understanding of cancer.The development of science and technology also promotes the emer-gence of new strategies and means for tumor diagnosis and ther-apy,which is helpful in increasing the survival rates of patients with cancer around the world.