Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)while in its early stages is critical for reducing HCC mortality in high-risk patients.However,highly sensitive and specific surveillance biomarkers for early-stage HCC detection are still lacking.In recent years,great efforts have been made to research tumor-derived molecular features that are detectable in circulation,such as circulating tumor deoxyri-bonucleic acid and circulating tumor ribonucleic acid,in order to explore their potential as non-invasive biomarker candidates in many tumor types.In this review,we summarize current studies on these new approaches and their application in early HCC detection.