Emerging roles of circular RNAs in cancer: a narrative review

• 作者: Guo Shixiang Zhang Junfeng Tao Junyu Zhu Jinfeng Zheng Ruixin Wang Huaizhi
• 来源期刊: 胰腺病学杂志（英文）
• 关键词: Cancer circRNA Oncogene Review Tumor suppressor
• 年，卷（期）: 2022,（1）
• 所属期刊栏目: Review Article
• 页码范围: 41-48
• 页数: 8页
• 语种: 中文
• DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000087

摘要

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a novel class of endogenous noncoding RNAs characterized by a covalently closed structure and involved in multiple biological processes. The main biological functions and properties of circRNAs can be defined by five features: a "sponging" effect on other RNA species, post-transcriptional regulation, rolling circle translation, generation of pseudogenes, and splicing interference. Although circRNAs were first detected decades ago, the role of circRNAs and the mechanisms underlying their actions remain incompletely characterized. Recently, circRNAs were reported to play indispensable roles in regulating metabolic and signal transduction events controlling the proliferation, migration, and survival of cells. Importantly, many studies demonstrated that dysregulated circRNA expression is associated with the development of multiple diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the roles and mechanisms of circRNAs in cancer and discuss their functions as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in different tumor types.