The wealth of user data acts as a fuel for network intelligence toward the sixth generation wireless net-works(6G).Due to data heterogeneity and dynamics,decentralized data management(DM)is desirable for achieving transparent data operations across network domains,and blockchain can be a promising solution.However,the increasing data volume and stringent data privacy-preservation requirements in 6G bring significantly technical challenge to balance transparency,efficiency,and privacy require-ments in decentralized blockchain-based DM.In this paper,we investigate blockchain solutions to address the challenge.First,we explore the consensus protocols and scalability mechanisms in block-chains and discuss the roles of DM stakeholders in blockchain architectures.Second,we investigate the authentication and authorization requirements for DM stakeholders.Third,we categorize DM privacy requirements and study blockchain-based mechanisms for collaborative data processing.Subsequently,we present research issues and potential solutions for blockchain-based DM toward 6G from these three perspectives.Finally.we conclude this paper and discuss future research directions.