Developing catalysts with high intrinsic activity toward oxygen evolution reaction(OER)has paramount impor-tance to meet the ever-increasing quest for sustainability demands for green energy solutions but challenging.Herein,a one-step synthesized hydrangea flower-like metal-organic framework(MOF)by dysprosium(Dy)-doped Fe-MOF is reported(Dy0.05Fe-MOF/NF).Impres-sively,the obtained electrocatalyst possesses optimal OER intrinsic activity,showing a low overpotential of 258 mV at 100 mA·cm-2,superior to the capability of the noble metal RuO2.In addition,an overpotential of 318 mV is needed for Dy0.05Fe-MOF/NF to drive 500 mA.cm-2.The remarkable performance of Dy0.05Fe-MOF/NF can be explained by the surface-active electron density modula-tion of Fe sites,because the doping of Dy with a lower electronegativity than doping of Fe could donate electrons to the neighboring Fe atoms,resulting in profoundly improved OER performance.Beyond that,this work not only offers a perspective to understand the OER mecha-nism of rare earth doping,but also guides us to design more ideal electrocatalyst and beyond.