Cr3+-activated far-red and near-infrared phosphors have drawn considerable attention owing to their adjustable emission wavelengths and wide applications. Herein, we reported a series of Cr3+-doped phosphors with β-Ca3(PO4)2-type structure, of which Ca9Ga(PO4)7:Cr3+ pos-sessed the highest far-red emission intensity. At an excitation of 440 nm, the Ca9Ga(PO4)7:Cr3+ phosphors exhibited a broad emission band ran-ging from 650 to 850 nm and peaking at 735 nm, and the broadband superimposed two sharp lines centering at 690 and 698 nm. The optimal sample Ca9Ga0.97(PO4)7:0.03Cr3+ had an internal quantum efficiency of 55.7%. The luminescence intensity of the Ca9Ga0.97(PO4)7:0.03Cr3+phosphor obtained at 423 K could maintain 68.5% of that at room temperature, demonstrating its outstanding luminescence thermal stability. A phosphor-conversion light-emitting diode was fabricated, indicating that the Ca9Ga(PO4)7:Cr3+ phosphor has potential applications in indoor plant cultivation.