Aim To determine the quantity and distribution ofHelicobacter pylori ( Hp ) and lymphoid follicles in gastricmueosa-assoeiated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphornas.Methods Twenty-seven eases of gastric MALT lymphomaswere diagnosed by pathology, immunohistochemistry andelectron microscopy in a retrospective study.Results Hp positive rate was 92.6 percent on the turnsurface of 27 gastric MALT lymphomas, 88.9 percentadjacent to the tumor of 27 gastric MALT lymphomas.Positive rate of the experiment group was significantly higherthan that of the control group ( P < 0.01). Half-quantity oflip in gastric MALT lymphomas was predominantly of gradeⅡ-Ⅲ. There were lymphoid follicles in 16 gastric MALTlymphomas, among which 14 cases located in the antrum,and 2 cases in the corpus. All cases with lymphoid follicleswere Hp positive. The normal control group did not containlymphoid follicles ( P < 0.01).Conclusion Gastric MALT lymphomas are related to theHp infection. Lymphoid follicules are the result of Hpinfection. Pathogenesis of gastric MALT lymphoma are alsosuggested. It is discussed that the study offered a new wayfor the early treatment of gastric MALT lymphoma.