A Survey of Studies on the Perfect and Pluperfect Tenses in North Samoyedic Languages

• 作者: Ago Kunnap Piret Klesment
• 来源期刊: Macrolinguistics
• 学科: 社会科学
• 关键词: NORTH Samoyedic LANGUAGES PERFECT pluperfect
• 年，卷（期）: 2008,（1）
• 页码范围: 164-172
• 页数: 9页
• 分类号: G

摘要

There are too few devices in Samoyedic languages to express a completed/ accomplished action, so one of the ways to do it is just the use of perfect and pluperfect.Samoyedic languages have no common markers for moods and tenses, only a few of them occur in most of the languages mentioned. The Samoyedic system of conjugation is mainly based on verbal nouns, its mood and temporal markers mostly coincide with participle and gerund markers. The Tundra Nenets perfect is formed by means of the participle markers (-m+), the pluperfect - by means of the compound marker (-m i) ... -s. In Enets the marker -bi as indicates an earlier meaning of the perfective participle that has disappeared by now, the pluperfect is formed by means of the compound suffixes -bi (-pi) ... -s (-si). In Nganasan the marker -'V - expresses the past, more exactly the perfective preterit. The perfect has the compound marker -bV (-HV) + -tV (-§V). Both perfect and pluperfect are used widely in the languages under observation, particularly in folkloristic texts. The formation and the use of perfect and pluperfect are mostly similar. As far as the Samoyedicparticiple marker -bV is concernd, then G. J. Ramstedt (1952) refers to the Turkic perfect-gerund marker -p (-yp, -up) and to the Mongol preterit perfect marker -b ai, -bei, -ba,-be