Autotaxin and lysophosphatidic acid signalling in lung pathophysiology

• 作者: Christiana Magkrioti Vassilis Aidinis
• 来源期刊: 世界呼吸病学杂志
• 学科: 医学
• 关键词: AUTOTAXIN Lysophosphatidic acid LUNG Acute LUNG injury PULMONARY FIBROSIS ASTHMA LUNG cancer
• 年，卷（期）: 2013,（3）
• 页码范围: 77-103
• 页数: 27页
• 分类号: R

摘要

Autotaxin(ATX or ENPP2)is a secreted glycoprotein widely present in biological fluids.ATX primarily functions as a plasma lysophospholipase D and is largely responsible for the bulk of lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)production in the plasma and at inflamed and/or malignant sites.LPA is a phospholipid mediator produced in various conditions both in cells and in biological fluids,and it evokes growth-factor-like responses,including cell growth,survival,differentiation and motility,in almost all cell types.The large variety of LPA effector functions is attributed to at least six G-protein coupled LPA receptors(LPARs)with overlapping specificities and widespread distribution.Increased ATX/LPA/LPAR levels have been detected in a large variety of cancers and transformed cell lines,as well as in non-malignant inflamed tissues,suggesting a possible involvement of ATX in chronic inflammatory disorders and cancer.In this review,we focus exclusively on the role of the ATX/LPA axis in pulmonary pathophysiology,analysing the effects of ATX/LPA on pulmonary cells and leukocytes in vitro and in the context of pulmonary pathophysiological situations in vivo and in human diseases.