MicroRNA signature and function in retinal neovascularization

• 作者: Brahim Chaqour Saloni Agrawal
• 来源期刊: 世界生物化学杂志：英文版（电子版）
• 学科: 生物学
• 关键词: MircoRNA ANGIOGENESIS RETINAL neovascu-larization VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL growth factor ISCHEMIA ENDOTHELIAL cell
• 年，卷（期）: 2014,（1）
• 页码范围: 1-11
• 页数: 11页
• 分类号: Q522

摘要

Ischemic retinopathies are clinically well-defined chronic microvascular complications characterized by gradually progressive alterations in the retinal microvasculature and a compensatory aberrant neovascularization of the eye. The subsequent metabolic deficiencies result in structural and functional alterations in the retina which is highly susceptible to injurious stimuli such as diabe-tes, trauma, hyperoxia, inflammation, aging and dys-plipidemia. Emerging evidence indicates that an effec-tive therapy may require targeting multiple components of the angiogenic pathway. Conceptually, mircoRNA(miRNA)-based therapy provides the rationale basis for an effective antiangiogenic treatment. miRNAs are an evolutionarily conserved family of short RNAs, each regulating the expression of multiple protein-coding genes. The activity of specific miRNAs is important for vascular cell signaling and blood vessel formation and function. Recently, important progress has been made in mapping the miRNA-gene target network andmiRNA-mediated gene expression control. Here wehighlight the latest findings on angiogenic and antian-giogenic miRNAs and their targets as well as potentiaimplications in ocular neovascular diseases. Emphasis isplaced on how specific vascular-enriched miRNAs regu-late cell responses to various cues by targeting severafactors, receptors and/or signaling molecules in orderto maintain either vascular function or dysfunction. Fur-ther improvement of our knowledge in not only miRNAspecificity, turnover, and transport but also how miRNAsequences and functions can be altered will enhancethe therapeutic utility of such molecules.